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Alternative provision glossary
Clear definitions of key terms and concepts used in alternative provision — a quick reference for educators, parents and professionals.
Alternative Provision (AP)
Education arranged for pupils who, because of exclusion, illness or other reasons, would not otherwise receive suitable education. AP can be delivered by local authorities, schools or registered providers outside mainstream and special school settings.
SEMH (Social, Emotional and Mental Health)
A category of special educational needs covering difficulties with social interaction, emotional regulation and mental health that significantly impact a young person's ability to learn. SEMH needs often require specialist support and therapeutic interventions.
Learn moreEHCP (Education, Health and Care Plan)
A legal document for children and young people aged 0–25 with more complex special educational needs. EHCPs describe the child's needs, the support required and the outcomes to be achieved. They are reviewed annually.
Managed Move
A voluntary agreement between schools, parents and the local authority to transfer a pupil to another school as an alternative to permanent exclusion, giving the pupil a fresh start while avoiding an exclusion on their record.
Trauma-Informed Practice
An approach that recognises the widespread impact of trauma on young people's behaviour and learning. Staff understand trauma responses, avoid re-traumatisation and create safe, predictable environments that support recovery.
Learn moreRe-Engagement
The process of helping disengaged learners reconnect with education through modified approaches, relationship-building and addressing underlying barriers. Academic re-engagement focuses on rebuilding confidence in learning.
Learn moreVocational Pathway
An educational route focused on practical, skills-based learning that prepares young people for specific careers or industries — often including construction, catering, motor vehicle, hair and beauty or creative industries.
Learn morePastoral Support
Non-academic support addressing students' emotional, social and personal needs. In AP settings this is often intensive and may include mentoring, counselling, family liaison and multi-agency coordination.
Learn moreProgression Routes
The pathways available when a young person completes their AP placement — return to mainstream, college, apprenticeships, employment or continued specialist provision, depending on needs and aspirations.
Learn morePermanent Exclusion
When a headteacher decides a pupil should no longer attend their school. This is the most serious sanction available and should be used only as a last resort. Local authorities must arrange education from day 6 of a permanent exclusion.
Fixed-Term Exclusion (Suspension)
When a pupil is temporarily removed from school for a set period. Schools must provide work for the first 5 days and arrange alternative education from day 6.
Designated Safeguarding Lead (DSL)
The person with overall responsibility for safeguarding and child protection in a school or AP setting — the first point of contact for concerns, who coordinates with external agencies and ensures staff are trained.
Learn moreChildren Looked After (CLA)
Children in the care of the local authority. CLA have additional educational entitlements and support, including a Virtual School Head and Personal Education Plan.
Personal Education Plan (PEP)
A plan required for all Children Looked After that forms part of their overall care plan. It identifies educational needs, sets targets and outlines the support required to help the young person achieve.
NEET (Not in Education, Employment or Training)
A classification for young people aged 16–24 not engaged in education, employment or training. Reducing NEET rates is a key outcome measure for alternative provision.
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